The breach of contract claim is conclusively refuted by the alleged agreement and other documents attached to the complaint, which show that the obligations that plaintiff claims were breached are not contained in the agreement (see Goshen v Mutual Life Ins. Co. of N.Y.,
Because defendants were not parties to the alleged agreement, they cannot be held liable for a breach of the implied covenant...
Let's get started

Welcome to the leading source of independent legal reporting
Sign on now to see your case.
Or view more than 10 million decisions and orders.
- Updated daily.
- Uncompromising quality.
- Complete, Accurate, Current.