Defendant was apprehended by police officers who were investigating a pattern of robberies inside a New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) building by performing a "vertical patrol." The police had made prior arrests for narcotics and trespass at the building, and considered it a high-crime area. The officers were in plain clothes, with their shields displayed around their necks. As part of the investigation, the officers were knocking on residents' doors and conducting...
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