MEMORANDUM OPINION
[Dkt. #13 (No. 13-0851), #10 (No. 13-0881)]
RICHARD J. LEON, United States District Judge.
On June 6, 2013, plaintiffs brought the first of two related lawsuits challenging the constitutionality and statutory authorization of certain intelligence-gathering practices by the United States government relating to the wholesale collection of the phone record metadata of all U.S. citizens.
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