MEMORANDUM
EDUARDO C. ROBRENO, District Judge.
I. INTRODUCTION
Hakim Ali Bryant ("Plaintiff") brought this civil rights action against the City of Philadelphia, Police Officer Hoover ("Hoover"), and the City of Philadelphia Police Officers from the SWAT unit, Joseph Cooney, Manus Cassidy, Inocencio Amaro, Cyprian Scott, Sean Leatherberry, Erik Bullock, Todd Lewis, William McDonald, Robert DiBiasio, Sgt. Joseph McDonald and Sgt. Austin Fraser (collectively...
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