Attorney(s) appearing for the Case
ARGUED: Eric S. Baxter , THE BECKET FUND FOR RELIGIOUS LIBERTY, Washington, D.C., for Appellants.
Alan E. Schoenfeld , WILMERHALE LLP, New York, New York, for Appellees.
ON BRIEF: William J. Haun , Michael J. O'Brien , Colten L. Stanberry , THE BECKET FUND FOR RELIGIOUS LIBERTY, Washington, D.C., for Appellants.
Bruce M. Berman , Joseph M. Meyer , Jeremy W. Brinster , Washington, D.C., Emily Barnet , WILMERHALE LLP, New York, New York, for Appellees.
Christopher Mills , SPERO LAW LLC, Charleston, South Carolina, for Amici Professors Douglas Laycock, Richard W. Garnett, Helen M. Alvaré, Thomas C. Berg, Michael W. McConnell, and Eric DeGroff.
Paul R. Rivera , Rockville, Maryland; Steven W. Fitschen , James A. Davids , NATIONAL LEGAL FOUNDATION, Chesapeake, Virginia; Frederick W. Claybrook, Jr. , CLAYBROOK LLC, Washington, D.C., for Amici for Parents Nicholas Brown, Zeina El Debs, Timothy Janss, Dagmar Janss, and Stephanie Pate.
Howard Slugh , Washington, D.C., for Amici Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty, Coalition of Virtue, Islam and Religious Freedom Action Team, and Coalition for Jewish Values.
Jason S. Miyares , Attorney General, Andrew N. Ferguson , Solicitor General, Kevin M. Gallagher , Deputy Solicitor General, Annie Chiang , Assistant Solicitor General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF VIRGINIA, Richmond, Virginia, for Amicus Commonwealth of Virginia.
Steve Marshall , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF ALABAMA, Montgomery, Alabama, for Amicus State of Alabama.
Tim Griffin , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF ARKANSAS, Little Rock, Arkansas, for Amicus State of Arkansas.
Brenna Bird , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF IOWA, Des Moines, Iowa, for Amicus State of Iowa.
Lynn Fitch , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MISSISSIPPI, Jackson, Mississippi, for Amicus State of Mississippi.
Austin Knudsen , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MONTANA, Helena, Montana, for Amicus State of Montana.
Drew Wrigley , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NORTH DAKOTA, Bismarck, North Dakota, for Amicus State of North Dakota.
Gentner F. Drummond , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF OKLAHOMA, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, for Amicus State of Oklahoma.
Angela Colmenero , Provisional Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS, Austin, Texas, for Amicus State of Texas.
Patrick Morrisey , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF WEST VIRGINIA, Charleston, West Virginia, for Amicus State of West Virginia.
Treg Taylor , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF ALASKA, Anchorage, Alaska, for Amicus State of Alaska.
Christopher M. Carr , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF GEORGIA, Atlanta, Georgia, for Amicus State of Georgia.
Daniel Cameron , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF KENTUCKY, Frankfort, Kentucky, for Amicus Commonwealth of Kentucky.
Andrew Bailey , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MISSOURI, Jefferson City, Missouri, for Amicus State of Missouri.
Michael T. Hilgers , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NEBRASKA, Lincoln, Nebraska, for Amicus State of Nebraska.
Dave Yost , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF OHIO, Columbus, Ohio, for Amicus State of Ohio.
Alan Wilson , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF SOUTH CAROLINA, Columbia, South Carolina, for Amicus State of South Carolina.
Sean D. Reyes , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF UTAH, Salt Lake City, Utah, for Amicus State of Utah.
Eric N. Kniffin , Mary Rice Hasson , ETHICS & PUBLIC POLICY CENTER, Washington, D.C., for Amicus Ethics and Public Policy Center.
J. Marc Wheat , ADVANCING AMERICAN FREEDOM, INC., Washington, D.C., for Amici Advancing American Freedom, Inc.; Paul Teller; Alaska Family Council; American Family Association Action; American Values; Catholic Vote; Center for Political Renewal; Christian Law Association; Christians Engaged; Eagle Forum; Frontline Policy Council; Idaho Family Policy Center; International Conference of Evangelical Chaplain Endorsers; Tim Jones, Missouri Center-Right Coalition; Minnesota Family Council; Moms for Liberty; National Association of Parents; New Jersey Family Foundation; New Mexico Family Action Movement; Setting Things Right; The Family Foundation; and The Justice Foundation.
Kristy K. Anderson , MARYLAND STATE EDUCATION ASSOCIATION, Annapolis, Maryland; Alice O'Brien , Jason Walta , Keira McNett , NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION, Washington, D.C., for Amici National Education Association, Maryland State Education Association, and Montgomery County Education Association.
Rachel M. Schiff , Phillip H.C. Wilkinson , San Francisco, California, Rachel G. Miller-Ziegler , Helen E. White , MUNGER, TOLLES & OLSON LLP, Washington, D.C., for Amici Professors Lawrence G. Sager and Nelson Tebbe.
Amanda Flug Davidoff , Daniel J. Richardson , Cason J.B. Reily , SULLIVAN & CROMWELL LLP, Washington, D.C., for Amicus Professor Justin Driver.
David Rocah , Deborah Jeon , AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION FOUNDATION OF MARYLAND, Baltimore, Maryland; Aditi Fruitwala , Heather Weaver , Daniel Mach , AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION FOUNDATION, Washington, D.C., for Amici American Civil Liberties Union and American Civil Liberties Union of Maryland.
Karen L. Loewy , Washington, D.C., Paul D. Castillo , LAMBDA LEGAL DEFENSE AND EDUCATION FUND, INC., Dallas, Texas; Jeffrey M. Gutkin , Reece Trevor , San Francisco, California, Urvashi Malhotra , COOLEY LLP, Palo Alto, California; Mary L. Bonauto , Gary D. Buseck , GLBTQ LEGAL ADVOCATES & DEFENDERS, Boston, Massachusetts; Shannon Minter , Christopher F. Stoll , NATIONAL CENTER FOR LESBIAN RIGHTS, San Francisco, California; for Amici Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc.; GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders; National Center for Lesbian Rights; Human Rights Campaign Foundation; The Trevor Project, Inc.; GLSEN, Inc.; PFLAG, Inc. and PFLAG Regional Chapters; Equality North Carolina; South Carolina Equality, Inc.; MOCO Pride Center; FCPS Pride; Rainbow Youth Alliance; Smyal; Whitman-Walker Health; and Whitman-Walker Institute.
Andrea Joy Campbell , Attorney General, Adam M. Cambier , Assistant Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MASSACHUSETTS, Boston, Massachusetts, for Amicus Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Anthony G. Brown , Attorney General, Joshua M. Segal , Assistant Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MARYLAND, Baltimore, Maryland, for Amicus State of Maryland.
Robert Bonta , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CALIFORNIA, Sacramento, California, for Amicus State of California.
Kathleen Jennings , Attorney General, DELAWARE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Wilmington, Delaware, for Amicus State of Delaware.
William Tong , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CONNECTICUT, Hartford, Connecticut, for Amicus State of Connecticut.
Brian L. Schwalb , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, Washington, D.C., for Amicus District of Columbia.
Anne E. Lopez , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF HAWAI'I, Honolulu, Hawai'i, for Amicus State of Hawai'i.
Aaron M. Frey , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MAINE, Augusta, Maine, for Amicus State of Maine.
Keith Ellison , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MINNESOTA, St. Paul, Minnesota, for Amicus State of Minnesota.
Matthew J. Platkin , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NEW JERSEY, Trenton, New Jersey, for Amicus State of New Jersey.
Ellen F. Rosenblum , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF OREGON, Salem, Oregon, for Amicus State of Oregon.
Peter Neronha , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF RHODE ISLAND, Providence, Rhode Island, for Amicus State of Rhode Island.
Robert W. Ferguson , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF WASHINGTON, Olympia, Washington, for Amicus State of Washington.
Kwame Raoul , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF ILLINOIS, Chicago, Illinois, for Amicus State of Illinois.
Dana Nessel , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MICHIGAN, Lansing, Michigan, for Amicus State of Michigan.
Aaron D. Ford , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NEVADA, Carson City, Nevada, for Amicus State of Nevada.
Letitia James , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NEW YORK, New York, New York, for Amicus State of New York.
Michelle A. Henry , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF PENNSYLVANIA, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, for Amicus Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Charity R. Clark , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF VERMONT, Montpelier, Vermont, for Amicus State of Vermont.
Affirmed by published opinion. Judge Agee wrote the opinion in which Judge Benjamin joined. Judge Quattlebaum wrote a dissenting opinion.
