Attorney(s) appearing for the Case
ARGUED: Amanda Lee Mundell , UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Washington, D.C., for Appellants. Justin Bryan Cox , INTERNATIONAL REFUGEE ASSISTANCE PROJECT, Atlanta, Georgia, for Appellees. ON BRIEF: Joseph H. Hunt , Assistant Attorney General, Mark B. Stern , Civil Division, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Washington, D.C., for Appellants. Melissa S. Keaney , Fair Oaks, California, Linda Evarts , Mariko Hirose , INTERNATIONAL REFUGEE ASSISTANCE PROJECT, New York, New York; Jeffrey J. Resetarits , Deke Shearon , SHEARMAN & STERLING, New York, New York, for Appellees. Kwame Raoul , Attorney General, Jane Elinor Notz , Solicitor General, Sarah A. Hunger , Deputy Solicitor General, Jeff VanDam , Public Interest Counsel, Isaac Jones , Assistant Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF ILLINOIS, Chicago, Illinois, for Amicus State of Illinois. Xavier Becerra , Attorney General, Michael L. Newman , Senior Assistant Attorney General, Cherokee DM Melton , Supervising Deputy Attorney General, Vilma Palma-Solana , Deputy Attorney General, Jasleen K. Singh , Deputy Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CALIFORNIA, Los Angeles, California, for Amicus State of California. Brian E. Frosh , Attorney General, Steven M. Sullivan , Solicitor General, Jeffry P. Dunlap , Assistant Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MARYLAND, Baltimore, Maryland, for Amicus State of Maryland. Phil Weiser , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF COLORADO, Denver, Colorado, for Amicus State of Colorado. William Tong , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CONNECTICUT, Hartford, Connecticut, for Amicus State of Connecticut. Kathleen Jennings , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF DELAWARE, Dover Delaware, for Amicus State of Delaware. Aaron M. Frey , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MAINE, Augusta, Maine, for Amicus State of Maine. Maura Haley , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MASSACHUSETTS, for Amicus Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Dana Nessel , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MICHIGAN, Lansing, Michigan, for Amicus State of Michigan. Keith Ellison , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MINNESOTA, for Amicus State of Minnesota. Gurbir S. Grewal , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NEW JERSEY, Newark, New Jersey, for Amicus State of New Jersey. Hector Balderas , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NEW JERSEY, for Amicus State of New Jersey. Letitia James , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NEW YORK, New York, New York, for Amicus State of New York. Ellen F. Rosenblum , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF OREGON, for Amicus State of Oregon. Josh Shapiro , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF PENNSYLVANIA, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for Amicus Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Peter Neronha , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF RHODE ISLAND, Providence, Rhode Island, for Amicus State of Rhode Island. Thomas J. Donovan, Jr. , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF VERMONT, Montpelier, Vermont, for Amicus State of Vermont. Mark R. Herring , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF VIRGINIA, for Amicus Commonwealth of Virginia. Robert W. Ferguson , Attorney General, OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF WASHINGTON, Olympia, Washington, for Amicus State of Washington. Ofelia Lee Calderón , CALDERÓN SEGUIN, Fairfax, Virginia; Manoj Govindaiah , Maria Osornio , REFUGEE AND IMMIGRANT CENTER FOR EDUCATION AND LEGAL SERVICES, San Antonio, Texas, for Amicus Refugee and Immigrant Center for Education and Legal Services. Michael N. Feuer , City Attorney, Kathleen A. Kenealy , Chief Assistant City Attorney, Danielle L. Goldstein , Deputy City Attorney, Michael Dundas , Deputy City Attorney, OFFICE OF THE LOS ANGELES CITY ATTORNEY, Los Angeles, California, for Amicus City of Los Angeles. George S. Cardona , Interim City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Santa Monica, California, for Amicus City of Santa Monica, California. Susana Alcala Wood , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Sacramento, California, for Amicus City of Sacramento, California. Leslie J. Girard , County Counsel, William Litt , Deputy County Counsel, COUNTY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Salinas, California, for Amicus County of Monterey, California. Esteban A. Aguilar, Jr. , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Albuquerque, New Mexico, for Amicus City of Albuquerque, New Mexico. Peter S. Holmes , Seattle City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Seattle, Washington, for Amicus City of Seattle, Washington. Kristin M. Bronson , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Denver, Colorado, for Amicus City and County of Denver, Colorado. Lyndsey M. Olson , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, St. Paul, Minnesota, for Amicus City of St. Paul. Eli Savit, Detroit, Michigan, for Amicus Mayor Michael E. Duggan , City of Detroit, Michigan. Yibin Shen , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Alameda, California, for Amicus City of Alameda, California. Judi Baumann , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Tempe, Arizona, for Amicus City of Tempe, Arizona. Anne L. Morgan , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Austin, Texas, for Amicus City of Austin, Texas. Mark A. Flessner , Corporation Counsel, Benna Ruth Solomon , Deputy Corporation Counsel, CITY OF CHICAGO, Chicago, Illinois, for Amicus City of Chicago, Illinois. Erin K. McSherry , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Santa Fe, New Mexico, for Amicus City of Santa Fe, New Mexico. Jeffrey Dana , City Solicitor, OFFICE OF THE CITY SOLICITOR, Providence, Rhode Island, for Amicus City of Providence, Rhode Island. Vince Ryan , County Attorney, Robert Hazeltine-Shedd , COUNTY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Houston, Texas, for Amicus County of Harris, Texas. Howard Phillip Schneiderman , Senior Deputy Prosecuting Attorney, COUNTY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Seattle, Washington, for Amicus County of King, Washington. Dennis J. Herrera , City Attorney, San Francisco, California, for Amicus City and County of San Francisco, California. Barbara J. Parker , City Attorney, OAKLAND CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Oakland, California, for Amicus City of Oakland, California. Michael Rankin , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Tucson, Arizona, for Amicus City of Tucson, Arizona. Michael Haas , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Madison, Wisconsin, for Amicus City of Madison, Wisconsin. Mary C. Wickham , County Counsel, Scott Kuhn , Assistant County Counsel, Katherine G. McKeon , Deputy County Counsel, COUNTY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Los Angeles, California, for Amicus County of Los Angeles, California. Nick Herman , THE BROUGH LAW FIRM, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, for Amicus Town of Carrboro, North Carolina. James E. Johnson , Corporation Counsel, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, New York, New York, for Amicus New York City, New York. Paula Boggs Muething , City Solicitor, CITY SOLICITOR'S OFFICE, Cincinnati, Ohio, for Amici City of Cincinnati. Tracy Reeve , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Portland, Oregon, for Amicus City of Portland, Oregon. James R. Williams , County Counsel, OFFICE OF THE COUNTY COUNSEL, San Jose, California, for Amicus Santa Clara County, California. Marcel S. Pratt , City Solicitor, City of Philadelphia Law Department, OFFICE OF THE CITY SOLICITOR, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for Amicus City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Francis X. Wright, Jr. , City Solicitor, CITY SOLICITOR'S OFFICE, Somerville, Massachusetts, for Amicus City of Somerville, Massachusetts. Crystal Barnes , Acting City Solicitor, CITY SOLICITOR'S OFFICE, Holyoke, Massachusetts, for Amici City of Holyoke, Massachusetts and Alex Morse, Mayor of Holyoke, Massachusetts. Michael Jenkins , City Attorney, BEST BEST & KRIEGER, Manhattan Beach, California, for Amicus City of West Hollywood, California. William Fosbre , City Attorney, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Tacoma, Washington, for Amicus City of Tacoma, Washington. Zach Klein , City Attorney, Columbus, Ohio, for Amicus City of Columbus, Ohio. Charles W. Swanson , City of Knoxville Law Director, CITY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, Knoxville, Tennessee, for Amicus City of Knoxville, Tennessee. Ronald C. Lewis , City Attorney, Judith L. Ramsey , Chief, General Litigation Section, Collyn Peddie , Senior Assistant City Attorney, Houston, Texas, for Amicus City of Houston, Texas. Jayme B. Sullivan , City Attorney, Boise, Idaho, for Amicus City of Boise, Idaho and Mayor Lauren McLean. Mark David McPherson , San Francisco, California, William C. Herbert , MORRISON & FOERSTER LLP, Los Angeles, California, for Amici International Rescue Committee, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, World Relief, The Most Reverend Michael Bruce Currey , Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church, and Ethiopian Community Development Council, Inc. Steven H. Schulman , Washington, D.C., Jessica M. Weisel , Joshua D. Tate , AKIN GUMP STRAUSS HAUER & FELD LLP, Los Angeles, California, for Amici Former State Department Officials.
Affirmed by published opinion. Judge Keenan wrote the opinion, in which Judge King and Judge Harris joined.
