KARWACKI, Judge.
The issue presented in this case is whether the introduction of a nontestifying codefendant's confession implicating a defendant and others, which is redacted to exclude the names of all those involved in the crime, other than the confessor, by using the words "deleted" and "deletion," violates a defendant's rights under the Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, even if the jury is instructed to consider the...
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