McAULIFFE, Judge.
This case presents the classic evidentiary problem of the turncoat witness. We must determine the admissibility, as substantive evidence, of witnesses' out-of-court identifications, signed statements to police, and grand jury testimony, all of which the witnesses largely repudiated at trial.
I
Shortly after nine o'clock on the evening of April 3, 1990, gunshots erupted near the intersection of East Lombard and South Exeter Streets...
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