BARNES v. CAVAZOS

Nos. 90-5470, 90-5531, 90-5644 and 90-5874.

966 F.2d 1056 (1992)

Imogene C. BARNES, Plaintiff-Appellee, Cross-Appellant (90-5644), v. Lauro F. CAVAZOS, Secretary of the United States Department of Education, Defendant-Appellant (90-5470/5874), Cross-Appellee, Board of Education of Jefferson County, Kentucky; Laken Cosby, Jr.; John P. Heyburn; Jim Hearn; Sherry K. Jelsma; Robert J. Schmitt; Paul Saho; United States Department of Education; Carol A. Haddad; Allen D. Rose; State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education of the Commonwealth of Kentucky; John Brock; L. Roger Wells; Robert Mead, CPA; Joseph McPherson; Stephanie Palaisa; D.K. Dumeyer, Sr.; Dr. Thomas C. Kelly, Defendants-Appellants (90-5531), Cross-Appellees, St. Aloysius School; Christ the King School; St. Columba School; Community Catholic School; St. Denis School; St. George School; Guardian Angel School; Holy Family School; Holy Name School; St. Ignatius School; St. Jerome School; St. Joseph School; Our Lady of Consolation School; Our Lady of Mount Carmel School; Resurrection School; St. Timothy School; St. Vincent DePaul School; West End Catholic School; Commonwealth of Kentucky, Defendants-Appellees, Marlene Clark; Helen Henning; Bobbie Holloway; Sherryn Roberts; Patricia Smith; Betty Thurman; Steve and Jennifer Hueston; Mary Leitner; Rose Massey; Robin Smith, Intervening Defendants-Appellants (90-5531), Cross-Appellees.

United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.

Decided June 5, 1992.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Lee Boothby (argued and briefed), Berrien Springs, Mich., Nicholas Baker, Louisville, Ky., for plaintiff-appellee cross-appellant Barnes.

T. Jeremy Gunn (briefed), Washington, D.C., for amici curiae Nat. Coalition of Public Educ. and Religious Liberty (Nat. Pearl), Nat. Ass'n of Elementary School Principals, Nat. School Boards Ass'n, Nat. Ass'n of Secondary Schools Principals.

Terry Cushing, Asst. U.S. Atty., Office of U.S. Atty., Louisville, Ky., Michael Jay Singer, Paul W. Bridenhagen, Theodore C. Hirt, Howard S. Scher (argued and briefed), U.S. Dept. of Justice, Appellate Staff, Civ. Div., Washington, D.C., for defendant-appellant cross-appellee Cavazos.

Marc Stern (briefed), New York City, for amicus curiae American Jewish Congress.

Francis J. Mellen, Jr. (briefed), Frank F. Chuppe, Wyatt, Tarrant & Combs, Louisville, Ky., for defendants-appellants cross-appellees Bd. of Educ. of Jefferson County, Ky., Laken Cosby, Jr., John P. Heyburn, Jim Hearn, Sherry K. Jelsma, Robert J. Schmitt, Michael W. Wooden, Carol A. Haddad and Allen D. Rose and defendants-appellants cross-appellees Joseph McPherson and Stephanie Palaisa.

V. Lynne Schroering (briefed), D. Brent Irvin, Asst. Atty. Gen., Office of Atty. Gen. of Ky., Frankfort, Ky., for defendants-appellants cross-appellees State Bd. of Elementary and Secondary Educ. of Com. of Ky., John Brock, L. Rogers Wells, and Robert Mead, CPA.

Charles J. Cronan, IV, Stites & Harbison, Louisville, Ky., Kevin J. Hasson, Charles H. Wilson, Laura P. Masurovsky, Kevin T. Baine (argued and briefed), Williams & Connolly, Washington, D.C., for intervenors-appellants cross-appellees Marlene Clark, Helen Henning, Bobbie Holloway, Sherryn Roberts, Patricia Smith, Betty Thurman, Steve and Jennifer Hueston, Mary Leitner, Rose Massey and Robin Smith.

Frank W. Burke, Sr. (briefed), Burke & Burke, Louisville, Ky., for defendants-appellants cross-appellees D.K. Dumeyer, Sr. and Thomas C. Kelly, Dr., and defendants-appellees St. Aloysius School, Christ the King School, St. Columba School, Community Catholic School, St. Denis School, St. George School, Guardian Angel School, Holy Family School, Holy Name School, St. Ignatius School, St. Jerome School, St. Joseph School, Our Lady of Consolation School, Our Lady of Mount Carmel School, Resurrection School, St. Vincent DePaul School and West End Catholic School.

Before: MARTIN and NORRIS, Circuit Judges, and WISEMAN, Chief District Judge.


PER CURIAM.

The district court determined that the Board of Education of Jefferson County, Kentucky, violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment by allocating remedial education funds in disproportionate amounts to parochial students as opposed to public students.1 The funds were granted to the Board pursuant to Chapter 1 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. For the reasons given below, we reverse the district court...

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