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SMITH v. BOARD OF SCHOOL COM'RS OF MOBILE COUNTY

No. 87-7216.

827 F.2d 684 (1987)

Douglas T. SMITH, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. BOARD OF SCHOOL COMMISSIONERS OF MOBILE COUNTY, et al., Defendants, Alabama State Board of Education, its Members, and Wayne Teague, Alabama State Superintendent of Education, Defendants-Appellants. Douglas T. SMITH, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Guy HUNT, Governor of Alabama, et al., Defendants, Malcolm Howell, Corinne Howell, William P. Rodgers, Lemoine V. Brennan, Thomas A. Brennan, Alan V. Galdis, Barbara J. Bassett, Betty Ann Barnett Gartman, William David Gartman, Elizabeth T. Long, Vernon Moore, Brenda C. Moore, Defendants-Intervenors, Appellants.

United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit.

August 26, 1987.

Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Jim R. Ippolito, Jr., Office of Gen. Counsel State Dept. of Educ., Montgomery, Ala., for Alabama State Bd. of Educ., et al.

Johnstone, Adams, Bailey, Gordon & Harris, Richard T. Dorman, Mobile, Ala., Hogan & Hartson, William A. Bradford, Jr., Washington, D.C., Deborah A. Ellis, Joan E. Bertin, American Civil Liberties Union, New York City, for defendant-intervenors.

Drinkard, Sherling & York, Bob Sherling, Mobile, Ala., Parker & Kotouc, P.C., Thomas O. Kotouc, Thomas F. Parker, IV, Montgomery, Ala., Robert K. Skolrood, National Legal Foundation, Virginia Beach, Va., for Smith, et al.

Jay Worona, New York State School Boards Ass'n. Inc., Norman H. Gross, Albany, N.Y., for amicus New York State School Boards Ass'n.

Bredhoff & Kaiser, Robert H. Chanin, Jeremiah A. Collins, L. Hope O'Keeffe, Washington, D.C., for amici National Educ. Ass'n and Alabama Educ. Ass'n.

Gordon J. Gamm, Kansas City, Mo., for amicus American Humanist Ass'n.

Seyfarth, Shaw, Fairweather & Geraldson, Ronald A. Lindsay, Washington, D.C., for amicus Council for Democratic and Secular Humanism.

Sidley & Austin, Newton N. Minow, Mary Hutchings Reed, Chicago, Ill., for amicus American Library Ass'n.

Ennis, Friedman & Bersoff, Mark D. Schneider, Washington, D.C., Weil, Gotshal & Manges, R. Bruce Rich, New York City, Evan M. Tager, Washington, D.C., for amici Ass'n of American Publishers and The Freedom to Read Foundation.

Miller, Cohen, Martens & Ice, P.C., Bruce A. Miller, Stuart M. Israel, Maria M. Fernandez, Southfield, Mich., for amicus American Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO.

Gwendolyn H. Gregory, Alexandria, Va., Balch & Bingham, David R. Boyd, Montgomery, Ala., for amici Nat'l School Boards Ass'n and Alabama Ass'n of School Boards.

Covington & Burling, David H. Remes, Washington, D.C., for amicus The Ad Hoc Coalition for Public Educ.

Kramer, Levin, Nessen, Kamin & Frankel, Harold P. Weinberger, New York City, for amici The American Jewish Committee, et al.

Boothby, Ziprick & Yingst, Lee Boothby, Berren Springs, Mich., for amicus Council on Religious Freedom.

Stephen A. West, Raleigh, N.C., for amicus The Ass'n for Public Justice.

Michael J. Woodruff, Center for Law & Religious Freedom, Samuel Ericsson, Michael A. Paulsen, Heidi Hagerman, Walter M. Weber, Merrifield, Va., for amici The Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights and The Christian Legal Soc.

Kerry L. Morgan, Chesapeake, Va., for amicus The Committee on The American Founding.

John Eidsmoe, Tulsa, Okl., for amicus The Ad Hoc Comm. to Oppose the Establishment of Humanism.

Wendell R. Bird, Atlanta, Ga., for amicus Rabbinical Alliance of America.

Before JOHNSON and CLARK, Circuit Judges, and EATON, Senior District Judge.

JOHNSON, Circuit Judge:

Appellants, Alabama State Board of Education and Wayne Teague ("Board") and Malcolm Howell, et al. ("Defendant-Intervenors") appeal the district court's order enjoining the use in Alabama public schools of forty-four textbooks approved by the Board for inclusion on the State-Adopted Textbook List, the use of which the district court found to be a violation of the establishment clause of the first amendment. We reverse.

I. BACKGROUND...

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