MEMORANDUM
MERHIGE, District Judge.
The City of Richmond refuses to withhold from the pay checks of its firefighters dues for their union, Local 995, International Association of Firefighters. Plaintiffs, Local 995 and selected members and officers, allege that such a policy violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution and the Freedom of Association Clause of the First Amendment. The claim is
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