VAN DUSEN, District Judge.
These actions claim recovery under The Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, 46 U.S.C. § 1301ff., for damage to British-made automobiles while being transported in an uncrated condition on respondent's ships from England to Philadelphia, Pa. The following excerpts from the statement of facts in respondent's brief (Document 50) summarize the basic facts developed by the evidence at the trial:
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