MICKELSON, Chief Judge.
Pursuant to the order of this Court, these cases were consolidated for trial.
These actions were brought for a refund of certain federal income taxes for the years 1955, 1956 and 1957, which have been paid under protest by the plaintiffs.
Trial was had before the Court sitting without a jury, and from the testimony adduced, the pleadings, exhibits, and a stipulation of the parties, the following facts were established:
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