MR. JUSTICE HARLAN delivered the opinion of the court.
This action of debt was brought by the United States to recover a penalty under the statute of Congress of March 3, 1903, regulating the immigration of aliens into this country. 32 Stat. 1213, 1214, c. 1012. The case is now before this court upon a question certified by the judges of the Circuit Court of Appeals under the authority of § 6 of the Judiciary Act of March 3, 1891. 26 Stat. 826, c. 517.
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