MR. JUSTICE STRONG delivered the opinion of the court.
These five cases may very conveniently be considered together, since they all present, in the main, the same questions.
The Cawood patent, for alleged infringements of which the suits were brought, has heretofore been the subject of consideration in this court, where it has been at least partially construed, and its limits have been defined. 1 Wall. 491. It is a patent "for an alleged new and useful improvement...
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