ARIZONA v. CITY OF TUCSON

No. 12-15691.

761 F.3d 1005 (2014)

State of ARIZONA, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. CITY OF TUCSON, Intervenor-Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Ashton Company Incorporated Contractors and Engineers; Baldor Electric Company; Don Mackey Oldsmobile Cadillac, Inc.; Dunn-Edwards Corporation; Durodyne, Inc.; Fersha Corporation; Fluor Corporation; General Dynamics Corporation; Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company; Lockheed Martin Corporation; Holmes Tuttle Ford, Inc.; Industrial Pipe Fittings, LLC; Tucson Foundry & Manufacturing Incorporated; Rowe Enterprises Incorporated; Pima County Community College District; Rollings Corporation; Textron Incorporated; ABB Incorporated; Combustion Engineering Incorporated; Texas Instruments, Inc.; Tucson Dodge Incorporated; Warner Propeller & Governor Company, LLC; Fluor Enterprises, Inc., Defendants-Appellees, v. Raytheon Company; Pima County, Intervenors-Appellants, University of Arizona; Arizona Board of Regents; Tomkins Industries, Inc.; Tucson Airport Authority; Tucson Electric Power Company, Intervenor-Defendants-Appellants.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Filed August 1, 2014.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Jennifer B. Anderson (argued), Kevin D. Neal , Lori L. Voepel , and Erin E. Richardson , Jones, Skelton & Hochuli, PLC, Phoenix, AZ; Harlan C. Agnew , Pima County Attorney's Office, Tucson, AZ; Cynthia T. Kuhn , Kuhn Young Law Firm, PLLC, Tucson, AZ; Charles A. Bischoff , Jorden Bischoff & Hiser, PLC, Scottsdale, AZ; James J. Dragna and Denise G. Fellers , Bingham & McCutchen, Los Angeles, CA; James Francis Murphy , Adler Murphy & McQuillen LLP, Chicago, IL; and Robert M. Jackson , Honigman Miller Schwartz & Cohn, Detroit, MI, for Intervenor-Defendants-Appellants.

Jeffrey Cantrell (argued), Tom Horne , Tamara Huddleston , and Anthony Young , Office of the Arizona Attorney General, Phoenix, AZ, for Plaintiffs-Appellees.

Christopher D. Thomas (argued) and Matthew L. Rojas , Squire Sanders, LLP, Phoenix, AZ; Patrick J. Paul and Martha E. Gibbs , Snell & Wilmer LLP, Phoenix, AZ; Eric Lukingbeal , Robinson & Cole LLP, Hartford, CT; Edward A. Cohen , Thompson Coburn LLP, St. Louis, MS; Carla A. Consoli and Jon Weiss , Lewis and Roca LLP, Phoenix, AZ; Richard M. Yetwin , Michael R. Urman , John C. Richardson , and John Charles Emerson Barrett , DeConcini McDonald Yetwin & Lacey, P.C., Tucson, AZ; Randolph G. Muhlestein , Musick Peeler & Garrett, LLP, Los Angeles, CA; John F. Cermak, Jr. and Sonja A. Inglin , Baker & Hostetler LLP, Los Angeles, CA; Phillip F. Fargotstein and Theresa Dwyer-Federhar , Fennemore Craig PC, Phoenix, AZ; Joel L. Herz , Law Offices of Joel L. Herz, Tucson, AZ; Charles S. Price and Mariscal Weeks , Mclntyre & Friedlander, PA, Phoenix, AZ; Mary T. Holohan , Fluor Enterprises, Inc., Irving, TX; Howard T. Roberts, Jr. , Goering, Roberts, Rubin, Brogna, Enos & Treadwell-Rubin, P.C. Tucson. AZ; Alan N. Bick and Heather D. Hearne , Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, Irvine, CA; Jeffrey G. Baxter and Sean E. Brearcliffe , Rusing Lopez & Lizardi, PLLC, Tucson, AZ; Dennis A. Rosen , Law Offices of Dennis A. Rosen, Tucson, AZ; Mitchell J. Klein , Polsinell Shughart, PC, Phoenix, AZ; Jeremy A. Lite , Quarles & Brady LLP, Tucson, AZ; Stephen D. Hoffman , Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard & Smith, LLP, Phoenix, AZ, for Defendants-Appellees.

Opinion by Judge MILAN D. SMITH, Jr.; Partial Concurrence and Partial Dissent by Judge CALLAHAN.


OPINION

M. SMITH, Circuit Judge:

In this appeal, we address a district court's obligation to scrutinize the terms of a proposed consent decree under the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. § 9601-75 (CERCLA). In so doing, we reaffirm that a district court has an "obligation to independently scrutinize the terms of [such agreements]," by, inter alia, comparing "the proportion of total projected costs...

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